Non-adaptive versus adaptive plans for a group of buildings:

Left, the plan is only a formal geometrical idea; right, the plan reflects typical adaptations to several distinct systems of human needs, such as complex spatial volumes, movement, definition of usable urban space, connectivity on a human scale, etc.

  • Salingaros, Nikos A., and Michael W. Mehaffy. "Ch 10. Complex Adaptive Systems" In Design for a Living Planet: Settlement, Science, & the Human Future. Design for a Living Planet: Settlement, Science, & the Human Future. Levellers/Sustasis Press and Vajra Publications, 2015. Digital Library
Nikos A. Salingaros

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